Platelet-rich Plasma: Properties and Clinical Applications

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous product derived from whole blood through the process of gradient density centrifugation. Autologous PRP has been shown to be safe and effective in promoting the natural processes of wound healing, soft tissue reconstruction, and bone reconstruction and augmentation. The potential value of PRP lies in its ability to incorporate high concentrations of platelet-derived growth factors, as well as fi brin, into the graft mixture. Recently published studies have demonstrated benefi cial results with PRP used in a broad range of clinical healing applications. PRP has been shown to increase the rate of bone maturation and to improve bone density when added to small bony defects, or to larger defects in combination with grafting material. Moreover, PRP can be exogenously applied to soft tissues to promote wound healing and tissue sealing. In patients undergoing certain surgical procedures, perioperative use of PRP may decrease the length of hospitalization and the need for allogeneic blood products. PRP is a promising biotechnology that is fueling growing interest in tissue engineering and cellular therapeutics.